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Al-Malik az-Zahir Ghiyath ud-din Ghazi ibn Yusuf ibn Ayyub (commonly known as az-Zahir Ghazi; 1172 – 8 October 1216) was the Kurdish Ayyubid emir of Aleppo between 1186 and 1216. He was the third son of Saladin and his lands included northern Syria and a small part of Mesopotamia. Biography
- 4 March 1193–8 October 1216
- Salah ad-Din Yusuf
Al-Malik az-Zahir Ghazi (1172-1216) was the third son of Saladin, and was a legitimate heir to the Ayyubid Empire. In 1186, at the age of 15, he became Governor of Aleppo and Mosul, and sided with Al-Aziz and Al-Adil against his brother Al-Afdal in the succession war following his father's...
Al-Aziz Muhammad ibn Ghazi ( c. 1213 – 26 November 1236) was the Kurdish Ayyubid Emir of Aleppo and the son of az-Zahir Ghazi and grandson of Saladin. His mother was Dayfa Khatun, the daughter of Saladin's brother al-Adil . Al-Aziz was aged just three when his father az-Zahir Ghazi died in 1216 at the age of forty-five.
- 8 October 1216 – 26 November 1236
- Az-Zahir Ghazi
- Fatima Khatun
- Dayfa Khatun
- Background
- War
- Aftermath
After Saladin, the Ayyubid sultan of Syria and Egypt (r. 1174–1193), destroyed the Kingdom of Jerusalem in the late 1180s, the Principality of Antioch became the leading Christian power of Northern Syria. By 1186 Leo II, Lord of Armenian Cilicia (r. 1187–1219), had already acknowledged the suzerainty of Bohemond III of Antioch (r. 1163–1201),but th...
First phase
When Bohemond III died in April, Bohemond of Tripoli hurried to Antioch, where, because he was the late prince's closest living relative, he was recognized by the commune of the townspeople as his father's rightful heir. The nobles who had regarded Raymond-Roupen (the only son of BohemondIII's eldest son) the lawful prince, fled to the Kingdom of Cilicia. Bohemond repaid a loan that Raymond III of Tripoli (r. 1152–1187) had long before borrowed from the Knights Hospitaller, thus winning them...
Conflicts with the Church
A conflict between the new papal legate, Peter of Capua (d. 1214), and the Latin Patriarch of Antioch, Peter of Angoulême (d. 1208), who had become Raymond-Roupen's supporter, ended with the excommunication of the patriarch. Exploiting the situation to get rid of his opponent, Bohemond replaced Peter of Angoulême with the Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch, SymeonII with the support of the commune in early 1207. Peter of Angoulême was reconciled with the legate, excommunicated Bohemond and t...
Raymond-Roupen in Antioch
With Leo's support, Raymond-Roupen began to find new allies, promising land grants to the Hospitallers and Antiochene noblemen, including Acharie of Sermin, the head of the commune of the burghers. Taking advantage of the absence of BohemondIV, Leo and his army entered Antioch during the night of 14February 1216. A few days later, the Templars, who had held the citadel, also surrendered without a struggle. The Latin Patriarch of Antioch, Peter of Ivrea, consecrated Raymond-Roupen prince. Afte...
Leo was dying when Raymond-Roupen came to Cilicia. With Leo's death in May 1219 and Bohemond's restoration, the war "came to a rather unspectacular end". Leo disinherited Raymond-Roupen and willed Cilicia to his five-year-old daughter, Isabella. Both Raymond-Roupen (the grandson of Leo's elder brother, Rupen) and John, King of Jerusalem (the husban...
- 1201 to 1219
- Victory of Bohemond IV of Antioch
- Northern Syria and Cilicia
Palace of al-Malik al-Zahir Ghazi. Aleppo, Syria. Within the Citadel of Aleppo lie the ruins of a monumental portal and palatine structure immediately behind it attributed to the patronage of the Ayyubid sultan al-Malik al-Zahir Ghazi (r. in Aleppo from 1188-1216/ 582-613 AH).
Az-Zahir Ghazi (or al-Malik az-Zahir Ghazi; 1172 – 8 October 1216) was a Kurdish governor and then ruler of Aleppo from 1186 to 1216. [1] He was the third son of Saladin and his lands included northern Syria and a small part of Mesopotamia .
About: Az-Zahir Ghazi. Al-Malik az-Zahir Ghiyath ud-din Ghazi ibn Yusuf ibn Ayyub (commonly known as az-Zahir Ghazi; 1172 – 8 October 1216) was the Ayyubid emir of Aleppo between 1186 and 1216. He was the third son of Saladin and his lands included northern Syria and a small part of Mesopotamia.
