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Bernard IV, Margrave of Baden-Durlach [1] (born 1517 – died 20 January 1553) was Margrave of Baden-Pforzheim from 26 September 1552 until his death. Life. Bernhard was the second son from the first marriage of Margrave Ernest of Baden-Profzheim with Elisabeth of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach .
Bernardo IV, margrave de Baden-Durlach 1 (1517 - 20 de enero de 1553) fue margrave de Baden-Pforzheim desde el 26 de septiembre de 1552 hasta su muerte. Vida. Bernardo era el segundo hijo del primer matrimonio de margrave Ernesto de Baden-Profzheim con Isabel de Brandemburgo-Ansbach-Kulmbach .
- Febrero de 1517
- St. Michael Pforzheim
- Bernhard von Baden-Durlach
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The Margraviate of Baden-Durlach encompassed an area on the middle Upper Rhine around the cities of Pforzheim and Durlach, as well as the Margraviate of Hachberg around Emmendigen, and an area known as Markgräflerland in the southern part of the Upper Rhine region, between Müllheim and Lörrach. In detail, the territorial components were as follows:...
In 1535, the Margraviate of Baden was split into the Margraviates of Baden-Baden and Baden-Durlach. Margrave Charles II chose to support the Protestant Reformation in 1556 and transferred his residence from Pforzheim to Karlsburg Castlein Durlach in 1565. In 1594, Baden-Durlach exercised control over Baden-Baden in what is known as the Oberbadische...
The coat of armsunderwent changes over time. Here the coat of arms depicted on the seal of Margrave Charles II is described: The central shield contained the red Badian diagonal band on a golden background. In the upper left field was the crowned red lion of the Landgraves of Sausenberg. The upper right field showed the wing of the lords of Üsenber...
According to the Imperial Register, the Margraviate was obliged to supply troops to the Swabian Circle. In addition to these troops, the Margraves also built up a force of household troops (a bodyguard). In 1770, the margraviate had a total of 807 soldiers in service (including both the circle troops and the household troops), consisting of four co...
Before 1582, like the rest of the Empire, the Margraviate employed the Julian Calendar. In 1582, the Margraviate of Baden-Baden adopted the Gregorian Calendar, such that 4 October 1582 was followed directly by 15 October 1582, but Baden-Durlach, as a Protestant state, retained the Julian Calendar, since the new calendar had been promulgated by the ...
Initially, the Margraviate was Roman Catholic, like the rest of the Holy Roman Empire, but on 1 June 1556, Margrave Charles II decreed a new Church Orderon the Württemberg (i.e. Lutheran) model and initiated the Reformation in his territory. Although his two oldest sons abandoned Lutheranism (Ernest Frederick converted to Calvinism in 1599 and Jame...
Dialect
Even in language, the Margraviate was not unified. The Landgraviate of Sausenberg and the Lordships of Badenweiler und Rötteln spoke High Alemannic, while the Margraviate of Hachberg used Low Alemannic and the Lower Margraviate (Karlsruhe-Pforzheim) employed a South Franconiandialect.
Education
The Margraviate never had a university. However, the level of the highest school, the gymnasium illustre in Karlsruhe, was at times equivalent to a university. Originally, the institution mainly served to educate orthodox priests to safeguard the Reformation. The school was established in Durlach in 1586 and transferred to Karlsruhe by Charles III William in 1724. It is now the Markgrafen-Gymnasium Karlsruhe.
Music and theater
The Badische Staatskapelle symphony orchestra is first attested in 1662. Its masters were: Enoch Blinzig (1707-1708), Giuseppe Beniventi (1712-1718), Johann Philipp Käfer (1718-1722), Johann Melchior Molter(1722-1733 and 1743–1765), and Giacinto Sciatti (1765-1776).
From 1577 to 1584 and 1738 to 1746, there were regencies for underage rulers. These regents are mentioned in the text, but not listed asmargraves.
Eberhard Gothein: Die badischen Markgrafschaften im 16. Jahrhundert, Heidelberg 1910 (Digitalisat im Internet Archive)Wolfgang Hug: Baden (D) in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
- German
- Lutheran (from 1556)
- Margraviate
Bernard I, Margrave of Baden-Baden (reigned 1391–1431) united all of the acquisitions in 1391. A soldier of some renown, Bernard continued the mission of his predecessors, and gained several more districts, including Baden-Pforzheim and Baden-Hochberg.
- Feudal monarchy
- Germany
- Margraviate
Bernardo IV, margrave de Baden-Durlach (nacido en 1517 - fallecido el 20 de enero de 1553) fue margrave de Baden-Pforzheim desde el 26 de septiembre de 1552 hasta su muerte. Bernardo fue el segundo hijo del primer matrimonio del margrave Ernesto de Baden-Profzheim con Isabel de Brandeburgo-Ansbach-Kulmbach .
Media in category "Bernard IV, Margrave of Baden-Durlach" The following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Grabdenkmal für Markgraf Bernhard den Jüngeren von Baden-Durlach, Sohn des Markgrafen Ernst von Baden-Durlach mit Elisabeth von Brandenburg-Ansbach, Grabmonument im Stiftschor der Schlosskirche in Pforzheim.png 1,556 × 3,914 ...
From 1552, regent along with his half-brother Bernard IV, but after the latter's death in 1553, he became sole Margrave. In 1556 after the Peace of Augsburg he joined the Reformation. In 1565 he transferred the residence to Karlsburg Castle in Durlach.
