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Government and society Constitutional framework. Mexico is a federal republic composed of 31 states and the Federal District.Governmental powers are divided constitutionally between executive, legislative, and judicial branches, but, when Mexico was under one-party rule in the 20th century, the president had strong control over the entire system.

A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament). There are a number of variations of parliamentary republics.

La monarquía constitucional, por oposición a la monarquía absoluta, es una forma de gobierno, en el cual existe separación de poderes, donde el monarca ostenta el poder ejecutivo nombrando al gobierno, mientras que el poder legislativo, lo ejerce una asamblea o parlamento, habitualmente electo por los ciudadanos. 1 .

A democratic republic is a form of government operating on principles adopted from a republic and a democracy. As a cross between two similar systems, democratic republics may function on principles shared by both republics and democracies.

A constitutional monarchy resembles a republic because the constitution has been amended to remove power from the monarch and install institutions conforming to a philosophy of republicanism. That includes the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms , the Netherlands , Thailand , and countries in Scandinavia and elsewhere.