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  1. 1 de diciembre: en Poggio Bustone, Spoleto, Rieti ( Umbría, Italia) a la madrugada (o en la noche del 30 de noviembre) se registra un terremoto de 6,6 grados en la escala sismológica de Richter (intensidad de 9-10), que deja un saldo de «muchos» muertos. Se produce el sitio de Siracusa. Nacimientos. 12 de diciembre: Alberto II, duque austriaco.

  2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › 12981298 - Wikipedia

    July 2 – Battle of Göllheim: German forces of Duke Albert I defeat King Adolf of Nassau at Göllheim over the prince electors' decision, without electoral act – to dethrone Adolf and proclaim Albert the new ruler of Germany at Frankfurt, on July 27. During the battle, Adolf is killed and his army is destroyed with the loss of 3,000 horses. [3]

    • Background
    • Battle
    • Aftermath
    • Falkirk Roll of Arms
    • Possible Battle Sites
    • References
    • Further Reading

    After the Battle of Stirling Bridge, from November 1297 until January 1298, Wallace led a Scottish army south. From Newcastle upon Tyne to Carlisle, the Scots raided the countryside, bringing back the spoils.: 82 King Edward learned of the defeat of his northern army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge. After concluding a truce with the French king, P...

    The Scots army, again made up chiefly of spearmen as at Stirling Bridge, was arranged in four great "hedgehogs" known as schiltrons. The long spears (pikes) pointing outwards at various heights gave these formations a formidable and impenetrable appearance. The gaps between the schiltrons were filled with archers,with 500 mounted knights at the rea...

    Edward occupied Stirling and raided Perth, St. Andrews and Ayrshire. Yet, he retreated to Carlisle by 9 September. Edward invaded again in the summer of 1300. Casualties among the Scottish leaders were not particularly heavy, but did include Wallace's second-in-command, Sir John de Graham, as well as Sir John Stewart, and Macduff of Fife. In the wo...

    The Falkirk Roll is a collection of the arms of the English bannerets and noblemen present at the battle of Falkirk. It is the oldest known English occasional roll of arms, and contains 111 names and blazoned shields. Following are a collection of modern illustrations of the Falkirk Roll based on the blazons published in Henry Gough's book, Scotlan...

    The site of the battle is uncertain. There have been three proposed sites: at Campfield, around the modern Central Retail Park; south of Callendar Woods (as depicted in the diagrams above), and; at Mumrills, the site of the AntonineFort. Walter of Guisborough stated that the Scots were positioned "on hard ground ... on one side of a hillock". The S...

    Armstrong, Peter (2003), Stirling Bridge and Falkirk 1297–98 – William Wallace's rebellion (Campaign 117), Osprey Publishing, ISBN 978-1-84176-510-5
    Keen, Peter (2003), England in the Later Middle Ages, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-27293-9
    Prestwich, M., Edward I, 1997, Yale University Press, New Haven & London, ISBN 0-300-07157-4(pbk.)
    Bain, J., The Edwards in Scotland, 1296–1377, 1961.
    Barrow, G. W. S.,Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland, 1976
    Brown, C., "William Wallace", 2004.
    Morris, J. E., The Welsh Wars of Edward I, 1994.
    • 22 July 1298
    • English victory
  3. The English invasion of Scotland of 1298 was a military campaign undertaken by Edward I of England in retaliation to a Scottish uprising in 1297, the defeat of an English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge and Scottish raids into Northern England.

    • July 1298
    • Militarily inconclusive, English withdrawal
    • Scotland
  4. The Rintfleisch or Rindfleisch movement was a series of massacres against Jews in 1298. [1] The event, in later terminology a pogrom, was the first large-scale persecution in Germany since the First Crusade .

  5. The Battle of Falkirk ( Blàr na h-Eaglaise Brice in Scottish Gaelic) was a battle that occurred on the 22nd of July 1298. It is considered one of the major (most important) battles of the First Scottish War of Independence. In it,the English Army beat the Scottish Army. References.

  6. Las Cortes de Valladolid de 1298 fueron una asamblea plena de todos los reinos que componían la Corona de Castilla, reunida en la época de plenitud de las Cortes castellanas, [1] y a las que se convocó a los ricoshombres, maestres de las Órdenes militares y hombres buenos de las villas de Castilla