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La Wehrmacht (en español: fuerza de defensa, pronunciado [ˈveːɐ̯maxt] ⓘ) era el nombre de las fuerzas armadas unificadas de la Alemania nazi desde 1935 a 1945.
- Heer (Wehrmacht)
El Heer (en español: ejército, pronunciado /heːɐ̯/ ⓘ) eran...
- Heer (Wehrmacht)
The Wehrmacht (German pronunciation: [ˈveːɐ̯maxt] ⓘ, lit. ' defence force ') were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the Heer (army), the Kriegsmarine (navy) and the Luftwaffe (air force).
- 18,000,000 (total served)
- 18–45
- 16 March 1935; 88 years ago
- Gott mit uns
La Wehrmacht era el nombre de las fuerzas armadas unificadas de la Alemania nazi desde 1935 a 1945. Fue fundada tras la disolución de las fuerzas armadas de la República de Weimar, llamadas Reichswehr, y bajo tal denominación se englobaban el Heer, la Kriegsmarine («marina») y la Luftwaffe.
- Politics of The Wehrmacht
- World War II
- Mechanisms of Control
- References
- Further Reading
The German military had traditionally functioned as a "state within a state", with a very large amount of institutional autonomy. Thus Chancellor Otto von Bismarck had been forbidden to attend meetings of the Supreme Council of War because as it was insultingly phrased "Lest this civilian might betray the secrets of the State". In the First World W...
Planning the war of extermination in the East
On August 22, 1939, in a conference between Hitler and all of the Reich's senior military leaders, Hitler stated quite explicitly that the coming war against Poland was to be a "war of extermination" in which Hitler expressed his intention to "...to kill without pity or mercy all men, women and children of the Polish race or language". The British historian Sir John Wheeler-Bennett wrote that whatever doubts the Wehrmacht might still have had about the sort of regime that they were about to g...
Criminal orders
On May 19, 1941, the OKW issued the "Guidelines for the Conduct of the Troops in Russia", which began by declaring that "Judeo-Bolshevism" to be the most deadly enemy of the German nation and that "It is against this destructive ideology and its adherents that Germany is waging war". The "Guidelines" urged "ruthless and vigorous measures against Bolshevik inciters, guerrillas, saboteurs, Jews and the complete elimination of all active and passive resistance". Reflecting the influence of the g...
Cooperation with genocidal policies
The vast majority of the Wehrmacht officers fully co-operated with the SS in murdering Jews in the Soviet Union. The American historians Williamson Murray and Alan Millet wrote about Wehrmacht-SS relations:
Terror
Because the military believed that Germany had not been defeated in World War I, the lesson that the Wehrmacht took from this was for the need for a draconian military justice system that would ruthlessly stamp out anything that might lead to any new "stab in the back". It had been neither forgotten nor forgiven by the military that the November Revolution had started with the High Seas mutiny. In August 1917, there had been a mutiny in the High Seas Fleet, which after it was crushed, saw the...
Corruption
In order to ensure the absolute loyalty of the Wehrmacht officers, Hitler had created what the American historian Gerhard Weinberg called a "...a vast secret program of bribery involving practically all at the highest levels of command".Hitler routinely presented his leading commanders with "gifts" of free estates, cars, cheques made out for large sums of cash and lifetime exemptions from paying taxes. Typical of the Führer's "gifts" was the cheque made out for a half-million Reichsmark prese...
Chaplaincy
In the Wehrmacht, chaplains were required to serve at the front under fire. This regulation was introduced by the Nazi regime, which expressed strong and barely veiled anti-Christian tendencies out of the hope that it would lead to the most of the chaplaincy getting killed in battle. Protestant chaplains carried firearms, were required to undergo military training, were expected to fight if necessary and those Protestant clergymen who were World War I veterans were given preference in recruit...
Bartov, Omer (1999). "Soldiers, Nazis and War in the Third Reich". In Leitz, Christian (ed.). The Third Reich: The Essential Readings. London: Blackwell. pp. 129–150. ISBN 978-0-631-20700-9.Bartov, Omer (1986). The Eastern Front, 1941–45: German Troops and the Barbarisation of Warfare. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-22486-8.Bergen, Doris (September 1997). "'Germany Is Our Mission: Christ Is Our Strength!' The Wehrmacht Chaplaincy and the 'German Christian' Movement". Church History. 66 (3): 522–536. doi:10.2307/316945...Bergen, Doris (2001). "Between God and Hitler: German Military Chaplains and the Crimes of the Third Reich". In Bartov, Omer; Mack, Phyllis (eds.). In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the Twent...Sait, Bryce (2019). The Indoctrination of the Wehrmacht: Nazi Ideology and the War Crimes of the German Military. Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-1-78920-150-5.
Wehrmacht, the armed forces of the Third Reich. The three primary branches of the Wehrmacht were the Heer (army), Luftwaffe (air force), and Kriegsmarine (navy). The Wehrmacht was created by Adolf Hitler on March 16, 1935, and formally disbanded by the Allies on August 20, 1946.
El Oberkommando der Wehrmacht ( OKW ), traducible al español como "Alto Mando de la Fuerza de Defensa", fue parte de la estructura de las fuerzas armadas alemanas durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En la práctica cumplía la función del Ministerio de Guerra que había sido suprimido en 1938. Historia.
