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Umberto Cagni, Conde de Bu Meliana (Asti, 24 de febrero de 1863 - Génova, 22 de abril de 1932) fue un almirante y explorador polar de la Marina Real Italiana, recordado por haber liderado una partida que tenía por fin alcanzar el Polo Norte avanzando hacia el norte sobre la superficie del océano Ártico en 1900, en trineos tirados por perros.
- Senador del Reino de Italia
- 22 de abril de 1932 (69 años), Génova (Italia)
Umberto Cagni (24 February 1863, Asti – 22 April 1932, Genoa) was a polar explorer and an admiral in the Royal Italian Navy. He is best known for his leadership in a probe, by dogsled, northward over the surface of the Arctic Ocean in 1900.
Umberto Cagni, Conde de Bu Meliana fue un almirante y explorador polar de la Marina Real Italiana, recordado por haber liderado una partida que tenía por fin alcanzar el Polo Norte avanzando hacia el norte sobre la superficie del océano Ártico en 1900, en trineos tirados por perros.
Towards the end of the century, a new record in reaching the northernmost point in the Arctic was created by Umberto Cagni, the second-in-command of the Italian Arctic Expedition of 1899–1900 and led by Luigi Amedeo di Savoia, the Duke of the Abruzzi.
- Björn Lantz
- 2021
- Overview
- Life and career
- Legacy
Umberto Cagni (24 February 1863, in Asti – 22 April 1932, Genoa) was a polar explorer and an admiral in the Royal Italian Navy. He is best known for his leadership in a probe, by dogsled, northward over the surface of the Arctic Ocean in 1900. While his party failed in their goal of reaching the North Pole, on 25 April 1900 Cagni and his men achiev...
Cagni was born in the fast-growing Kingdom of Italy, which had been proclaimed only two years earlier during the Risorgimento. He well-placed father, a Piedmontese general, bestowed kinship ties that led to young Cagni being accepted for training by the Italian navy as a future officer. He was commissioned as an ensign in 1881.
Cagni advanced in the service in terms of both rank and connections. By 1899 he was a captain in the Regia Marina and a close associate of Prince Luigi Amedeo, an Italian duke, nephew of the king of Italy, and experienced mountaineer. Organizing a group of 20 Italian and Norwegian men led by himself, the royal duke sailed on 12 June 1899 from Christiania for the recently discovered Franz Josef Land, via Archangel'sk. In far northern Russia, Cagni and Luigi Amedeo obtained the sled dogs that would be a key element of the expedition. On 12 July they sailed north from Archangel'sk aboard their exploration vessel, the Stella Polare, their goal the establishment of a winter base in Franz Josef Land that would give them a jumping-off place to attain the North Pole.
Cagni's expedition ship, the
Although the base was established, trouble came during the winter of 1899-1900 when the Stella Polare was partly crushed by polar ice and the expedition's leader, Luigi Amedeo, was badly injured by frostbite. The expedition's physician had to amputate two of the royal duke's fingers, and the maimed commander was pronounced unfit to lead the polar push. Luigi Amedeo deputized command over the lead dogsled party to Cagni, who forged northward from Franz Josef Land on 11 March. The dogs were pulling food and other supplies for three months' march. After great difficulties, including the deaths of three men from supporting parties, the four men of the Cagni party began to realize that the North Pole was beyond their reach. Their only remaining option was to go as far north as they could, plant a flag, and return with barely enough food to keep them alive on the trek back to their base camp. As it happened, the flag was planted on 25 April at 86°34′ N., which was 35 km (20 nautical miles) north of the 86°14′ N. mark achieved by Nansen and Johansen in 1895. This was a new "Farthest North." After this achievement Cagni and his three companions faced a race for life. Throwing away almost all of their remaining impedimenta and crowding into a single tent, the foursome regained Franz Josef Land on 23 June, twelve days after their projected survival deadline. The explorers returned to Italy in triumph, and Cagni was lionized by leading figures of the day, such as Gabriele D'Annunzio.
In 2005, a 3,500-meter-tall seamount on the floor of the Arctic Ocean was named "Umberto Cagni Seamount" in recognition of Cagni's bravery and leadership in the ice.
CAGNI, Umberto. AA. Postigliola-* Nacque il 24 febbr. 1863 ad Asti da Manfredo e da Vivina Nasi. Il padre Manfredo, nato ad Asti da Giuseppe e da Teresa Mussi nel 1834 ed ivi morto il 19 febbr. 1907, era stato nominato sottotenente dei granatieri nel 1853.
Umberto Cagni was a polar explorer and an admiral in the Royal Italian Navy. Background. Cagni was born in the fast-growing Kingdom of Italy, which had been proclaimed only two years earlier during the Risorgimento. Career. He is best known for his leadership in a probe, by dogsled, northward over the surface of the Arctic Ocean in 1900.
