Resultado de búsqueda
El cromosoma 3 es uno de los veintitrés pares de cromosomas del cariotipo humano. La población posee, en condiciones normales, dos copias de este cromosoma, uno heredado de la madre y uno del padre durante la reproducción sexual .
El cromosoma 3 es uno de los veintitrés pares de cromosomas del cariotipo humano. La población posee, en condiciones normales, dos copias de este cromosoma, uno heredado de la madre y uno del padre durante la reproducción sexual. Posee 200 millones de pares de bases y representa aproximadamente el 6,5% del ADN.
Los cromosomas son estructuras con apariencia de hilo ubicadas dentro del núcleo de las células de animales y plantas. Cada cromosoma está compuesto de proteínas combinadas con una sola molécula de ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN). Pasado de padres a descendientes, el ADN contiene las instrucciones específicas que hacen único a cada tipo ...
Google Classroom. ADN, cromosomas y genomas. Cromosomas homólogos, cromátidas hermanas y haploide/diploide. Introducción. Cuando una célula se divide, una de sus principales tareas es asegurarse de que cada una de las dos nuevas células tenga una copia completa y perfecta de material genético.
- Los eritrocitos maduros (comúnmente conocidos como «glóbulos rojos»). Carecen de núcleo y de organelos en su fase madura, aunque en su proceso de f...
- si no me equivoco, la cromatina es cuando el ADN se une a proteínas (histonas) y estas al condensarse (se super enrollan) forman las cromátidas de...
- Hay gametos masculinos que tienen el cromosoma X y otros Y. Los femeninos siempre tienen el cromosoma X. Por lo tanto el espermatozoide es el que d...
- El ADN mitocondrial y cloroplástico se divide en la interfase, pues en la interfase es cuando la célula se prepara antes de dividir su núcleo y, po...
- Description
- Health Conditions Related to Chromosomal Changes
- Additional NIH Resources
- References
- Understanding Genetics
- Disclaimers
Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two copies of chromosome 3, one copy inherited from each parent, form one of the pairs. Chromosome 3 spans about 198 million base pairs (the building blocks of DNA) and represents approximately 6.5 percent of the total DNA in cells.
Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research. Because researchers use different approaches to predict the number of genes on each chromosome, the estimated number of genes varies. Chromosome 3 likely contains 1,000 to 1,100 genes that provide instructions for making proteins. These proteins perform a variety of different roles in the body.
3p deletion syndrome
3p deletion syndrome is a condition that often results in intellectual disability, developmental delay, and abnormal physical features. 3p deletion syndrome is caused by the deletion of the end of the small (p) arm of chromosome 3. The size of the deletion varies among affected individuals, from approximately 150,000 DNA building blocks (base pairs) to 11 million base pairs and can include 4 to 71 known genes. In some individuals, the deletion involves material near the end of the chromosome but does not include the tip (the telomere). The signs and symptoms related to 3p deletion syndrome result from the loss of genes in the 3p region; however, it is difficult to determine which genes influence specific features because not all affected individuals are missing the same genes. More About This Health Condition
3q29 microdeletion syndrome
3q29 microdeletion syndrome is a condition that results from the deletion of a small piece of chromosome 3 in each cell. Features associated with the deletion vary widely but can include delayed development, intellectual disability, behavioral and psychiatric disorders, and physical abnormalities. Some individuals with this chromosomal change have very mild or no related signs and symptoms. Most people with 3q29 microdeletion syndrome are missing about 1.6 million base pairs, also written as 1.6 megabases (Mb), on the long (q) arm of the chromosome at a position designated q29. It is the same region of chromosome 3 that is abnormally copied (duplicated) in people with 3q29 microduplication syndrome (described below). This chromosome segment is normally surrounded by short, repeated sequences of DNA that make it prone to rearrangement during cell division. The rearrangement can lead to missing or extra copies of DNA at 3q29. The segment that is most often deleted in people with 3q29 microdeletion syndrome includes about 20 genes. Some of these genes are thought to be involved in brain development. However, it is unknown which specific genes, when abnormally deleted, are related to the signs and symptoms of 3q29 microdeletion syndrome. It is also unclear why some people with a deletion at 3q29 have no associated health problems. It is possible that genetic changes outside the 3q29 region can influence the features of this condition. More About This Health Condition
3q29 microduplication syndrome
3q29 microduplication syndrome is a condition that results from the duplication of a small piece of chromosome 3 in each cell. Signs and symptoms related to this duplication vary widely. Some individuals with the duplication have no apparent signs or symptoms, or the features are very mild. Other individuals have delayed development and intellectual disability or learning difficulties. Eye abnormalities, heart defects, and an unusually small head (microcephaly) can also occur. Most people with 3q29 microduplication syndrome have an extra copy of about 1.6 Mb of DNA at position q29 on chromosome 3. It is the same region of chromosome 3 that is deleted in people with 3q29 microdeletion syndrome (described above). This chromosome segment is prone to rearrangement during cell division, which can lead to extra or missing copies of DNA at 3q29. The duplicated segment of 3q29 includes about 20 genes. Some of these genes are thought to be involved in brain and eye development. However, it is unknown which specific genes, when abnormally copied, are related to the varied signs and symptoms of 3q29 microduplication syndrome. It is also unclear why some people with a duplication at 3q29 have no associated health problems. It is possible that genetic changes outside the 3q29 region can influence the features of this condition. More About This Health Condition
•National Human Genome Research Institute: Chromosome Abnormalities
•Ballif BC, Theisen A, Coppinger J, Gowans GC, Hersh JH, Madan-Khetarpal S, Schmidt KR, Tervo R, Escobar LF, Friedrich CA, McDonald M, Campbell L, Ming JE, Zackai EH, Bejjani BA, Shaffer LG. Expanding the clinical phenotype of the 3q29 microdeletion syndrome and characterization of the reciprocal microduplication. Mol Cytogenet. 2008 Apr 28;1:8. doi: 10.1186/1755-8166-1-8. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central
•Brunelli M, Fiorentino M, Gobbo S, Sperandio N, Cheng L, Cossu-Rocca P, Segala D, Eble JN, Delahunt B, Novara G, Ficarra V, Martignoni G. Many facets of chromosome 3p cytogenetic findings in clear cell renal carcinoma: the need for agreement in assessment FISH analysis to avoid diagnostic errors. Histol Histopathol. 2011 Sep;26(9):1207-13. doi: 10.14670/HH-26.1207. Citation on PubMed
•Ensembl Human Map View: Chromosome 3
•Glassford MR, Rosenfeld JA, Freedman AA, Zwick ME, Mulle JG; Unique Rare Chromosome Disorder Support Group. Novel features of 3q29 deletion syndrome: Results from the 3q29 registry. Am J Med Genet A. 2016 Apr;170A(4):999-1006. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37537. Epub 2016 Jan 6. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central
•Goobie S, Knijnenburg J, Fitzpatrick D, Sharkey FH, Lionel AC, Marshall CR, Azam T, Shago M, Chong K, Mendoza-Londono R, den Hollander NS, Ruivenkamp C, Maher E, Tanke HJ, Szuhai K, Wintle RF, Scherer SW. Molecular and clinical characterization of de novo and familial cases with microduplication 3q29: guidelines for copy number variation case reporting. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2008;123(1-4):65-78. doi: 10.1159/000184693. Epub 2009 Mar 11. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central
•Lisi EC, Hamosh A, Doheny KF, Squibb E, Jackson B, Galczynski R, Thomas GH, Batista DA. 3q29 interstitial microduplication: a new syndrome in a three-generation family. Am J Med Genet A. 2008 Mar 1;146A(5):601-9. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32190. Citation on PubMed
MedlinePlus links to health information from the National Institutes of Health and other federal government agencies. MedlinePlus also links to health information from non-government Web sites. See our disclaimer about external links and our quality guidelines.
The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health.
2 de may. de 2024 · updated: May 2, 2024. Definición. Un cromosoma es la estructura que alberga al ADN en la célula. Los cromosomas son estructuralmente muy sofisticados, conteniendo los elementos necesarios para procesos como la replicación y la segregación. Cada especie tiene un conjunto característico de cromosomas con respecto a su número y organización.
Los cromosomas son estructuras que se encuentran dentro de las células y que contienen los genes de una persona. Los genes están en los cromosomas, que a su vez se localizan en el núcleo de la célula. Un cromosoma contiene de cientos a miles de genes. Cada una de las células humanas normales contiene 23 pares de cromosomas, es decir 46 cromosomas.
