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17 de nov. de 2019 · Gunshot wounds to the brain (GSWB) confer high lethality and uncertain recovery. It is unclear which patients benefit from aggressive resuscitation, and furthermore whether patients with GSWB undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) have potential for survival or organ donation.
- Traumatic Cerebrovascular Injuries Associated with Gunshot ...
Cerebrovascular injury (CVI) is a potentially devastating...
- Gun trauma and ophthalmic outcomes - PMC
Thirty-one patients over 16 years of age were found who...
- Traumatic Cerebrovascular Injuries Associated with Gunshot ...
Gunshot wounds to the head have become a leading cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in many urban areas in the U.S. due, in part, to a surge in gang violence and overall homicide rates. Other cases involve suicide and unintentional accidents.
- Infections
- Post-Traumatic Epilepsy
- Mood Disorders
- Aggression and Agitation
- Cerebrovascular Injury
- Post-Traumatic Pain Syndromes
- Cn Damage
Although robust data on use, type, and duration of prophylactic antibiotics in pTBI is limited, it has been suggested that risk of infection is elevated as intracranial contents are exposed to the environment [19, 20•]. In 160 patients with GSWH, Jiminez et al. found that 25% were documented to have intracranial infections. Prolonged hospital stay,...
Current guidelines do not differentiate between penetrating and closed TBI in recommending early (1 week) seizure prophylaxis in severe TBI without need for late seizure prophylaxis . Some studies, however, do suggest that in the pTBI population, the incidence of late seizures can be high. One study found that in patients with moderate to severe TB...
Both substance use disorder and mood disorders are common within the TBI population; it has been suggested that the pre-injury prevalence of depression in patients with gunshot wounds is as high as 56% and the prevalence of anxiety is as high as 63% [7, 8, 24, 25]. Pre-injury, substance use, and mental disorders are risk factors for both assault-re...
Aggression is a common behavioral issue after TBI, presenting in up to one third of patients in the first 6 months after injury . Aggressive behaviors can be disruptive, including verbal aggression, inappropriate social behaviors, and lack of initiation potentially limiting rehabilitation and community integration after discharge [28, 29]. There ar...
Coagulopathy and vascular complications are both common problems in pTBI. A study found that incidence of vascular complications ranges from 38 to 50%, including traumatic aneurysms, arterial dissection, arterial thrombosis, and AV fistulas [20•]. These occur most commonly in the anterior circulation and can compound the clinical picture in TBI pat...
Limited data is available on post-traumatic pain syndromes specific to penetrating TBI, but headache is common in the general TBI population. Post-traumatic headaches may be acute or persistent, classified as lasting less than or more than 3 months, respectively . There are multiple generators of pain including the dura and dural venous system, per...
Limited summary data is available on specific cranial nerve injury secondary to penetrating TBI, but research suggests that there are certain involvement patterns that may be anticipated. Chopra et al. evaluated patients presenting to an urban trauma center and found that of patients presenting with gunshot wounds, 3% had ocular injury. Of survivin...
- Kristen A. Harris, Peter Yonclas
- 2020
22 de dic. de 2017 · Thirty-one patients over 16 years of age were found who suffered a gunshot wound to the head and resultant ocular trauma: orbital fracture, ruptured globe, foreign body, or optic nerve...
Gunshot wounds to the head, the most lethal of all firearm injuries, rank among the leading causes of head injury in many United States cities. They carry a fatality rate greater than 90 percent, and at least two-thirds of the victims die before reaching a hospital.
