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Hace 17 horas · Arno Borst (1992) states that it "is a given that fourteenth century Latin Christianity was in a crisis", goes on to say that the intellectual aspects and how universities were affected by the crisis is underrepresented in the scholarship hitherto ("When we discuss the crisis of the late Middle Ages, we consider intellectual movements beside religious, social, and economic ones"), and gives ...
Hace 3 días · List of nobles and magnates of England in the 13th century. During the 13th century England was partially ruled by Archbishops, Bishops, Earls (Counts), Barons, marcher Lords, and knights. All of these except for the knights would always hold most of their fiefs as tenant in chief. Although the kings maintained control of huge tracts of lands ...
Hace 4 días · The relative infrequency with which the kings of England found themselves in York in the 12th and 13th centuries is attested by the comparatively small number of serjeanties created in the city and its environs. (fn. 1) Only the Lardiner serjeanty is directly related to the presence of the king in the city. (fn. 2) If the king seldom ruled from ...
Hace 2 días · There is no consensus on when the Little Ice Age began, but a series of events before the known climatic minima have often been referenced. In the 13th century, pack ice began advancing southwards in the North Atlantic, as did glaciers in Greenland. Anecdotal evidence suggests expanding glaciers almost worldwide.
Hace 1 día · Between 1156 and 1206 there were at least sixteen such levies yielding in all about £3,500—no small charge on the working capital of traders and craftsmen. (fn. 7) Twelfth-century York, then, was a community in which the king had a financial stake and which possessed its own court, the portmoot. It was ruled by the Sheriff of Yorkshire, who ...
Hace 4 días · In the succeeding century great additions were made to the fabric by Abbots Langham and Litlington; the latter, says Widmore, quoting from the records, "built the present college hall, the kitchen, the Jerusalem Chamber, the abbot's house (now the Deanery), the bailiff's, the cellarer's, the infirmarer's, and the sacrist's houses, the malt-house (afterwards used as a dormitory for the King's ...
Hace 3 días · The first two chapters, written by Janet Burton, revisit the origins of the Cistercian order: its beginnings in the forests of Burgundy; its initial difficulties; and its eventual success, tracing its expansion across 12th- and 13th-century Europe.
