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Hace 2 días · Jeddah, city and major port in central Hejaz region, western Saudi Arabia. It lies along the Red Sea west of Mecca. The principal importance of Jeddah in history is that it constituted the port of Mecca and was thus the site where the majority of Muslim pilgrims landed while journeying to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Jeddah became a direct Ottoman Eyalet, while the remaining Hejaz under Sharif Barakat II became a Vassal state to the Ottoman Empire 8 years after the Siege of Jeddah in 1517, the Portuguese attempt for the second time in 1541 to attack Portuguese but was Repulsed.
- +966-12
- Saudi Arabia
- 12 m (39 ft)
- Mecca
Historic Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah. Historic Jeddah is situated on the eastern shore of the Red Sea. From the 7th century AD it was established as a major port for Indian Ocean trade routes, channelling goods to Mecca. It was also the gateway for Muslim pilgrims to Mecca who arrived by sea.
- Location
- Consultations
- Description
- Comparative analysis
- Justification of Outstanding Universal Value
- Integrity and authenticity
- Criteria under which inscription is proposed
- 4 Factors affecting the property
- Boundaries of the nominated property and buffer zone
- 6 Monitoring
- 7 Conclusions
- Recommendations with respect to inscription
Makkah al-Mukarramah Region Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
ICOMOS consulted its International Scientific Committees on Historic Towns and Villages and Earthen Architectural Heritage and several independent experts.
The city of Jeddah lies on the eastern shore of the Red Sea, in the Tihana plains between the Hejaz Mountains to the North West and the Asir Mountains to the south-east. Jeddah’s prosperity was based on two distinct and sometimes overlapping roles. It was a major Red Sea mercantile centre between the Indian Ocean trade routes and the Hijaz region a...
The comparative analysis is structured to compare Jeddah in three ways: as a Red Sea city, as an Arab city and as a Hijazi city. This analysis highlights Jeddah’s context as part of a network of cites along the Red Sea Coast. There were other harbours along the eastern shore, such as Yanbu, Al-Wajh, and Qunfudhah, while further south, partially a...
The nominated property is considered by the State Party to be of Outstanding Universal Value as a cultural property for the following reasons: The old city of Jeddah: Represents a unique development of the Red Sea architectural tradition characterized by imposing tower houses, decorated by large wooden roshan-s, built in the late 19th century by th...
Integrity As the nomination dossier acknowledges, the dramatic growth and transformation of Jeddah over the past 50 years has impacted on its ancient core particularly with the transformation of the harbour and the development of high rise buildings within the perimeter of the old city. Nevertheless it is suggested that the way the boundary has bee...
The property is nominated on the basis of cultural criteria (ii), (iv) and (vi). Criterion (ii): exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design; This criterion is justified by the State Par...
Due to lack of maintenance and unsympathetic construction processes, many traditional buildings and public spaces are in relatively poor condition. As a result, many have serious structural problems which are compounded by alterations, internal partitioning, lack of water drainage infrastructure and poor repair work. Some lie unoccupied which adds ...
The boundaries of the property have been drawn to encompass an area within which the historic buildings remaining are at their most dense. Although this defines an area that is less than the whole old city, it is a reasonably coherent entity. The buffer zone encompasses the whole of the remaining areas of the historic city and in place areas beyond...
Monitoring is a process that has the highest applicability for this property in terms of assessing the full significance of the assets, their stability and state of conservation and future conservation and development projects. A number of indicators are set out in the nomination dossier related to rate of deterioration, number of fires, number of ...
The significance in general terms of Jeddah as a strategic and prosperous port for the Indian Ocean trade, and as a base for sea borne pilgrims on their way to Mecca, especially in its final period of prosperity at the end of the 19th century, has been well set out in the nomination dossier in general terms: what is missing are the specificities. O...
ICOMOS recommends that the examination of Historic Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to the World Heritage List be deferred in order to allow the State Party, with the advice of ICOMOS and the World Heritage Centre, if requested, to: Provide detailed database of all attributes relating to the potential Outstanding Universal Value ...
5 de nov. de 2020 · Ulrike Freitag’s A History of Jeddah: The Gate to Mecca in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries is a seductively charming urban history of the Saudi Arabian city of Jeddah, popularly...
Historic Jeddah, the Gate to Makkah. Return to the list. Historic Jeddah lies on the Red Sea’s eastern shore of the Red Sea. The 7th century AD saw its establishment as a major port for Indian Ocean trade routes, bringing various goods to Makkah. It also serves as the gateway for Muslim pilgrims arriving to Makkah by sea.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Prior to 20th century. Part of a series on the. History of Saudi Arabia. Ancient Arabia. Early Islamic State. Rashidun Caliphate. Umayyad and Abbasid periods. Sharifate of Mecca. Ottoman rule. Jabrids. Bani Khalid Emirate. Emirate of Diriyah.
