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Pope Alexander III (c. 1100/1105 – 30 August 1181), born Roland (Italian: Rolando), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 September 1159 until his death in 1181.
- Pope Alexander III - Simple English Wikipedia, the free ...
Pope Alexander III (Latin: Alexander Tertius; c. 1100 – 30...
- Pope Alexander III - Simple English Wikipedia, the free ...
Alexander III (born c. 1105, Siena, Tuscany—died Aug. 30, 1181, Rome) was the pope from 1159 to 1181, a vigorous exponent of papal authority, which he defended against challenges by the Holy Roman emperor Frederick Barbarossa and Henry II of England.
- James M. Powell
Alexander III, orig. Rolando Bandinelli, (born c. 1105, Siena, Tuscany—died Aug. 30, 1181, Rome), Pope (1159–81). A member of the group of cardinals who feared the growing strength of the Holy Roman Empire, he helped draw up an alliance with the Normans (1156).
The Third Council of the Lateran met in Rome in March 1179. Pope Alexander III presided and 302 bishops attended. The Catholic Church regards it as the eleventh ecumenical council . By agreement reached at the Peace of Venice in 1177 the bitter conflict between Alexander III and Emperor Frederick I was brought to an end.
Quick Facts About Pope Alexander III. Alexander III was born in the Papal State of Siena sometime between 1100 and 1105. His birth name was likely Roland or Rolandus, and some historians believe he belonged to the Bandinelli family. He died on August 30, 1181, in Civita Castellana.
8 de jun. de 2018 · Considered one of the great medieval popes, Alexander III (c. 1100–1181) held the pontificate from September 7, 1159, until his death in 1181. He is remembered for instituting the two-thirds majority rule for papal elections, championing the universities, and endorsing ecclesiastical independence.
