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  1. Although the text of the Constitution does not clearly delineate many of the boundaries between the powers of the federal and state governments, the Supreme Court has frequently invoked certain constitutional provisions when determining that Congress has exceeded its constitutional powers and infringed upon state sovereignty. 7 Footnote

    • Introduction

      Introduction Introductory Annotations. Intro.1The 2022...

    • Accessibility

      Accessibility Access to Our Web Site. We believe that our...

    • About

      The Constitution Annotated. The Constitution of the United...

    • Resources

      Comprehensive list of all cases cited in the Constitution...

  2. Federalism Avoids a Political War of All Against All. There is another, and potentially even more powerful, way that federalism protects the individual sovereignty of the people. When any issue is moved to the national level, it creates a set of winners and a set of losers.

    • How Federalism Came to The Constitution
    • A Great Debate Over Power Erupts
    • Federalism Wins The Day
    • The Debate Over The Bill of Rights

    Americans today take federalism for granted, but its inclusion in the Constitution did not come without considerable controversy. The so-called Great Debate over federalism took the spotlight on May 25, 1787, when 55 delegates representing 12 of the original 13 U.S. states gathered in Philadelphia for the Constitutional Convention. New Jersey was t...

    As one of the most impactful aspects of the Constitution, the concept of federalism was considered extremely innovative—and controversial—in 1787. For one, splitting powers between the national and state governments was in stark contrast with the unitary system of government practiced for centuries in Great Britain. Under such unitary systems, the ...

    On September 17, 1787, the proposed Constitution—including its provision for federalism—was signed by 39 of the 55 delegates to the Constitutional Convention and sent to the states for ratification. Under Article VII, the new Constitution would not become binding until it had been approved by the legislatures of at least nine of the 13 states. In a...

    Along with the Great Debate over federalism, a controversy arose during the ratification process over the Constitution’s perceived failure to protect the basic rights of American citizens. Led by Massachusetts, several states argued that the new Constitution failed to protect the basic individual rights and freedoms that the British Crown had denie...

    • Robert Longley
  3. The Tenth Amendment helps to define the concept of federalism, the relationship between Federal and state governments. As Federal activity has increased, so too has the problem of reconciling state and national interests as they apply to the Federal powers to tax, to police, and to regulations such as wage and hour laws, disclosure of personal ...

  4. Constitutional interpretations of federalism: lesson overview. Google Classroom. A high-level overview of the key terms, themes, and concepts in this lesson. Federalism is the distribution of power between the federal government and state governments.

  5. The U.S. Constitution does not use the term federalism, nor does it provide extensive details about the federal system. Nevertheless, the framers helped created a federalist system in the United States, particularly in the ways the Constitution allocates power.

  6. Federalism has often been called the “oldest question of American constitutional law.” 1 To this day, it has remained the basso continuo of the country’s politics. The protracted litigation over the 2010 Affordable Care Act suggests a distinctive, recurrent pattern.