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Materialismo francés. Apariencia. ocultar. El materialismo francés (siglo XVIII) fue un movimiento ideológico que representó una etapa nueva y superior en el desarrollo de la ideología materialista no solo a escala nacional sino, además, internacional en comparación con el materialismo del siglo XVII.
French materialism is the name given to a handful of French 18th-century philosophers during the Age of Enlightenment, many of them clustered around the salon of Baron d'Holbach. Although there are important differences between them, all of them were materialists who believed that the world was made up of a single substance, matter ...
- Early Life
- Medical Career
- Later Life
- Works
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La Mettrie was born at Saint-Malo in Brittany on November 23, 1709, and was the son of a prosperous textile merchant. His initial schooling took place in the colleges of Coutances and Caen. After attending the Collège du Plessis in Paris, he seemed to have acquired a vocational interest in becoming a clergyman, but after studying theology in the Ja...
After his studies at D'Harcourt, La Mettrie decided to take up the profession of medicine. A friend of the La Mettrie family, François-Joseph Hunauld, who was about to take the chair of anatomy at the Jardin du Roi, seems to have influenced him in this decision. For five years, La Mettrie studied at faculty of medicine in Paris, and enjoyed the men...
Journey to Prussia
La Mettrie's hedonistic and materialistic principles caused outrage even in the relatively tolerant Netherlands. So strong was the feeling against him that in 1748 he was compelled to leave for Berlin, where, thanks in part to the offices of Maupertuis, the Prussian king Frederick the Great not only allowed him to practice as a physician, but appointed him court reader. There La Mettrie wrote the Discours sur le bonheur (1748), which appalled leading Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire, D...
Death
La Mettrie's celebration of sensual pleasure was said to have resulted in his early death. The French ambassador to Prussia, the comte de Tyrconnel, grateful to La Mettrie for curing him of an illness, held a feast in his honour. It was claimed that La Mettrie wanted to show either his power of gluttony or his strong constitution by devouring a large quantity of pâté de faisan aux truffes. As a result, he developed a gastric illnessof some sort. Soon after he began suffering from a severe fev...
Selected works
1. Histoire Naturelle de l'Âme. 1745 (anon.) 2. École de la Volupté. 1746, 1747 (anon.) 3. Politique du Médecin de Machiavel. 1746 (anon.) 4. L'Homme Machine. 1748 (anon.) 5. L'Homme Plante. 1748 (anon.) 6. Ouvrage de Pénélope ou Machiavel en Médecine. 1748 (pseudonym: Aletheius Demetrius) 7. Discours sur le bonheur ou Anti-Sénèque[Traité de la vie heureuse, par Sénèque, avec un Discours du traducteur sur le même sujet]. 1748 (anon.) 8. L'Homme plus que Machine. 1748 (anon.) 9. Système d'Épic...
Collected works
1. Œuvres philosophiques, 2 vols., Paris: Fayard 1984, 1987 ISBN 2-213-01839-1; ISBN 978-2-213-01983-3 2. [vol. 3] Ouvrage de Pénélope ou Machiavel en Médecine, Paris: Fayard 2002 ISBN 2-213-61448-2 3. Œuvres philosophiques, 1 vol., Paris: Coda 2004 ISBN 2-84967-002-2
Critical editions of his major works
1. Aram Vartanian (ed.): La Mettrie's L'homme machine.A Study in the Origins of an Idea, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1960) 2. John F. Falvey (ed.): La Mettrie. Discours sur le bonheur in Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century, vol. cxxxiv (Banbury, Oxfordshire: The Voltaire Foundation, 1975) 3. Ann Thomson (ed.): La Mettrie's Discours préliminaire. in Materialism and Society in the Mid-Eighteenth Century(Genève: Librairie Droz, 1981) 4. Théo Verbeek (Ed.): Le Traité de l'A...
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Lamettrie, Julien Offray de". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 129–130.
Friedrich Albert Lange, Geschichte des Materialismus, 1866 (Eng. trans. The History of Materialismby E. C. Thomas, ii. 1880)Jakob Elias Poritzky, J. O. de Lamettrie. Sein Leben und seine Werke, (1900, reprint 1970)Kathleen Wellman, La Mettrie. Medicine, Philosophy, and Enlightenment, Durham and London, Duke University Press 1992 ISBN 0-8223-1204-2Birgit Christensen, Ironie und Skepsis. Das offene Wissenschafts- und Weltverständnis bei Julien Offray de La Mettrie. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann 1996 ISBN 3-8260-1271-2Man a Machine - 1748 English translation of L'homme machine1912 Open Court French-English edition (English translation by Gertrude C. Bussey, rev. by Mary Whiton Calkins) Full text of same available at Project Gutenberg.Man-Machine- 2009 translation by Jonathan BennettMaterialism is a form of philosophical monism which holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all things, including mental states and consciousness, are results of material interactions of material things.
En philosophie, le matérialisme est la doctrine selon laquelle il n'existe d'autre substance que la matière 1. Il s'oppose donc au dualisme qui admet l'existence de deux substances distinctes : l'esprit et la matière.
El materialismo francés ( siglo XVIII) fue un movimiento ideológico que representó una etapa nueva y superior en el desarrollo de la ideología materialista no solo a escala nacional sino, además, internacional en comparación con el materialismo del siglo XVII.
materialism in eighteenth-century european thought. Materialism is the generic name of a variety of doctrines that deny the existence of non-material substances. Materialism may be either a metaphysical or a methodological concept.
